triple integral
- To: mathgroup at yoda.physics.unc.edu
- Subject: triple integral
- From: dario at rs3.csrsrc.mi.cnr.it (Dario Bressanini)
- Date: Tue, 15 Mar 1994 12:09:40 +0100
I am having problem with a triple integral.
<<Local`Declare`
Declare[{s,t,g1,g2},Positive]
q = Exp[-g1 s -g2 t]/u
a1 = Integrate[q,{s,0,Infinity},{u,0,s},{t,-u,u}]
Integrate::gener: Unable to check convergence.
g2 3
Series::esss:Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-(--) + O[s]].
s
g2 3
Series::esss:Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-(--) + O[s]].
s
-g1 - g2 3
Series::esss:Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-------- +O[s]].
s
General::stop: Further output of Series::esss will be suppressed during this calculation.
g1 g1
-Log[1 - --] + Log[1 + --]
g2 g2
--------------------------
g1 g2
This is the answer, as a function of g1 and g2. The problem is that
if g2<g1 we get a complex answer, which is wrong
a1 /. {g1->2,g2->1}
-I Pi + Log[3]
--------------
2
N[%]
0.549306 - 1.5708 I
If i try to substitute directly g1 and g2 in the integral, I get a funny
result:
q1 = q /. {g1->2,g2->1}
a2 = Integrate[q1,{s,0,Infinity},{u,0,s},{t,-u,u}]
Integrate::gener: Unable to check convergence.
-3 3
Series::esss: Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-- + O[s] ].
s
-3 3
Series::esss: Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-- + O[s] ].
s
-3 3
Series::esss: Essential singularity encountered in ExpIntegralEi[-- + O[s] ].
s
General::stop: Further output of Series::esss will be suppressed during this calculation.
-ExpIntegralEi[-s] + ExpIntegralEi[s]
Integrate[-------------------------------------, {s, 0, Infinity}]
2 s
E
It seems that MMA is not able now to evaluate the integral that was
able to evaluate before. But this is not the problem, since by doing
one integration at a time we get the previous WRONG result,
Infact, if we use NIntegrate[]:
a3 = NIntegrate[q1,{s,0,Infinity},{u,0,s},{t,-u,u}]
0.549306
How can i correct this behaviour? (I mean, I know that if I do
something like Log[a_] -> Log[Abs[a]] I get only real number,
but this is not a solution, since i have many integrals of this type
to compute and this hack may not work or may be wrong)
Any help? dario Bressanini dario at rs3.csrsrc.mi.cnr.it