Re: Integrate a matrix-function
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg27519] Re: Integrate a matrix-function
- From: "Allan Hayes" <hay at haystack.demon.co.uk>
- Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2001 03:40:00 -0500 (EST)
- References: <97cemm$d9s@smc.vnet.net> <97fepk$fu5@smc.vnet.net> <97l2vg$jf2@smc.vnet.net>
- Sender: owner-wri-mathgroup at wolfram.com
Martin, The following demonstrates the problem and its solution In[48]:= lst= {x,x^2}; In[52]:= NIntegrate[{x,x^2}, {x,0,1}] Out[52]= {0.5,0.333333} In[53]:= NIntegrate[{lst[[1]],lst[[2]]}, {x,0,1}] Out[53]= {0.5,0.333333} In[54]:= NIntegrate[lst, {x,0,1}] NIntegrate::inum: Integrand {0.5,0.25} is not numerical at {x} = {0.5}. Out[54]= NIntegrate[lst,{x,0,1}] What happens is that NIntegrate looks at lst before it is evaluated (NIntgegrate has attribute HoldAll), finds that it is not a list and then works on the assumption that lst will be numerical when x is numerical: this is false -- it is then a list of two numbers. The solution is to make lst evaluate before NIntegrates inspects its integrand In[55]:= NIntegrate[Evaluate[lst], {x,0,1}] Out[55]= {0.5,0.333333} The problem does not arise with Integrate, which evaluates lst before inspecting it. In[56]:= Integrate[lst, {x,0,1}] Out[56]= \!\({1\/2, 1\/3}\) The same kind of problem arises with other functions that hold their entries, for example Plot. -- Allan --------------------- Allan Hayes Mathematica Training and Consulting Leicester UK www.haystack.demon.co.uk hay at haystack.demon.co.uk Voice: +44 (0)116 271 4198 Fax: +44 (0)870 164 0565 "Martin Richter" <mrMICE.fi at cbs.dk> wrote in message news:97l2vg$jf2 at smc.vnet.net... > Hi > > Yes I should have started with a simple example and the one you gave me is > working. I must say that in my case it looks like a Mathematica BUG. I know > that in 99,999% of the cases your are the dummy but here is my example (the > code is of course take out of content but you should be able to just paste > it into Mathematica, if you/anyone has the time) > > So if anyone can explain, it would be great: > Martin > > Code: > A := {{0, -1, -1/2}, {0, -\[Alpha], 0}, {0, 0, -\[Kappa]}} > B[t_] := {r, \[Alpha]*\[Beta][t], \[Kappa]*\[Theta]} > IntegrandMean[u_, t_] := Simplify[MatrixExp[A*(t - u)].B[u]] > X := {logP, \[Delta], v} > > > \[Alpha] := 1; \[Kappa] := 5; \[Theta] := 1/5; r := 1/15; > \[Beta]11 := 1/10; \[Beta]12 := 1/10; \[Beta]21 := 1/10; \[Beta]22 := 1/10; > logP := 4; \[Delta] := 1/5; v := 1/20; > > \[Beta][t_] := \[Beta]11*Cos[2*Pi*t] + \[Beta]12*Sin[2*Pi*t] + \[Beta]21* > Cos[4*Pi*t] + \[Beta]22*Sin[4*Pi*t] > > > // Case one: Defining using entries: > EX[s_, t_] := (MatrixExp[A*(t - s)] - IdentityMatrix[3]).X + {NIntegrate[ > IntegrandMean[s, u][[1]], {u, s, t}], > NIntegrate[IntegrandMean[s, u][[2]], {u, s, t}], > NIntegrate[IntegrandMean[s, u][[3]], {u, s, t}]} > N[EX[1, 2]] > > --------- > Output: > \!\({\(-0.21843440253831964`\), 2.7755575615628914`*^-17, > 0.14898930795013723`}\) > > file://Case two: Using vector/matrix formulation > EX1[s_, t_] := (MatrixExp[A*(t - s)] - IdentityMatrix[3]).X + > NIntegrate[IntegrandMean[s, u], {u, s, t}] > N[EX1[1, 2]] > > ---------- > Output: > \!\(NIntegrate::"inum" \(\(:\)\(\ \)\) > "Integrand \!\({\(\(-0.10381870152841678`\)\), 0.1213061319425267`, \ > 0.0820849986238988`}\) is not numerical at \!\({u}\) = \!\({3\/2}\)."\) > And so one: > > > > "Allan Hayes" <hay at haystack.demon.co.uk> wrote in message > news:97fepk$fu5 at smc.vnet.net... > > Martin, > > > > With > > f[s_,t_] := {{s t, s t^2},{s^2 t,s^2 t^2}} > > > > The integration that you use seems to do what you want: the outpur is a > > matrix of the same size as the integrand. > > > > Integrate[f[u,t],{u,s,t}] > > > > {{t*(-(s^2/2) + t^2/2), t^2*(-(s^2/2) + t^2/2)}, > > {t*(-(s^3/3) + t^3/3), t^2*(-(s^3/3) + t^3/3)}} > > > > -- > > Allan > > --------------------- > > Allan Hayes > > Mathematica Training and Consulting > > Leicester UK > > www.haystack.demon.co.uk > > hay at haystack.demon.co.uk > > Voice: +44 (0)116 271 4198 > > Fax: +44 (0)870 164 0565 > > > > "Martin Richter" <mrMICE.fi at cbs.dk> wrote in message > > news:97cemm$d9s at smc.vnet.net... > > > Hi > > > > > > I'm using Mathematical 4.0. The problem is the following. > > > > > > I have a function, say f[s_,t_], there s,t are real numbers and the > output > > > is a matrix of size (n,n). I need to integrate each component in the > > matrix, > > > i.e. make a new function, like this: > > > g[s_,t_] := Integrate[f[u,t], {u,s,t}] // error > > > > > > So right now I have a line for each element but I think there is a > > one-line > > > way of doing this (using Map or Apply) ? > > > > > > Thanks IA for any help > > > Martin > > > > > > > > > ---------------------------------------------- > > > Please remove the PET to reply by email > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >