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Re: Re: New Analytical Functions - Mathematica Verified

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• Subject: [mg66967] Re: [mg66916] Re: New Analytical Functions - Mathematica Verified
• From: Daniel Lichtblau <danl at wolfram.com>
• Date: Mon, 5 Jun 2006 03:48:35 -0400 (EDT)
• References: <200605280104.VAA23436@smc.vnet.net> <200606011055.GAA20733@smc.vnet.net> <e5osg1$hvp$1@smc.vnet.net> <200606030726.DAA17310@smc.vnet.net>
• Sender: owner-wri-mathgroup at wolfram.com

Mohamed Al-Dabbagh wrote:
> Daniel Lichtblau wrote:
> 
> 
>>They will change the behavior of its derivatives. Actually I think I did
>>not want to use the DiracDelta component in that particular definition
>>(or else to use further derivatives thereof in the definition for higher
>>derivatives of FractionalPart).
>>...........................
>>...........................
>>Did you try it?
>>
> 
> 
> Dan,
> 
> Your usage of DiracDelta has made some remarkable correction for the
> result, but on a very high cost of runtime! I have made some
> experiments and wanted to publish them. You should remember that my
> paper:
> 
> http://dabbagh2.fortunecity.com/disc
> 
> has proved that the derivative of the fractional part of any function
> is the SAME as derivative of that function WITHOUT involving in the
> calculation of fractional part!

This is not exactly new. The function FractionalPart[f[x]] is 
differentiable wherever f[x] is differentiable except where it takes on 
integer (or, in the complex plane, Gaussian integer) values.

At such points one might regard the derivative as undefined, or as a 
generalized function in terms of derivatives of delta functions, 
depending on the situation at hand. One often sees FractionalPart used 
for e.g. sawtooth waves, and in that setting a generalized function 
derivative is often appropriate.


> When I used your improvement using Dirac Delta, a very substantial
> improvement occurred on the numerical results. HOWEVER, this lead to
> some very long delays. To the extent that calculating 5th derivative of
> the FractionalPart(x^5) to 1000 places of decimal would take about ONE
> HOUR!!!! Here are some results I arranged it in a page prepared for
> you:
> 
> http://dabbagh2.fortunecity.com/lichtblau/
> 
> You will see how my formulas are A LOT faster. 
> 
> 
> Mohamed Al-Dabbagh


First let me correct my derivatives (or at least post what I think are 
the correct ones).

Derivative[1][FractionalPart][x_] := 1 - DiracDelta[x]

Derivative[n_Integer /; n>1][FractionalPart][x_] :=
   (-1)^n*Derivative[DiracDelta[x]]

Now we use your function f.

In[3]:= f[x_] := x^5

In[4]:= gMath[x_] := FractionalPart[f[x]]

In[5]:= InputForm[Timing[gMath''[12.2`400]]]

Out[5]//InputForm=
{0.003999999999999998*Second, 
36316.95999999999999999999999999999999999999999\
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999\
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999\
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999\
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999\
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999998868`399.5228787\
4528037}

So it takes a fraction of a second. Offhand I do not know why it appears 
to run so slow for you.

Here is the result for the slightly more complicated example, both for 
evaluating second and fifth derivatives.

In[8]:= f[x_] := x^5*Sin[x]^2

In[10]:= InputForm[Timing[gMath''[12.2`400]]]

Out[10]//InputForm=
{0.*Second, 
258282.7295151941533077499484389228239911198853695416606571789553\
97340348154747842920564555894547008803556440086166245643590282093764764200190\
36636044752758309971369144877274629804969160115275382411797649612521530487913\
14021423969924741654432978075641339718450969747617369938122882505861900120631\
23291336171292192057571061244505228564074008530150250653359154263365233552077\
75165520042239719014756718443621091152`398.1608559226428}

In[11]:= InputForm[Timing[Derivative[5][gMath][12.2`400]]]

Out[11]//InputForm=
{0.064004*Second, 
-5.08650128579910493665046315290795289078198431826789276935\
82833885062256473165463289248429898024173337160137072344086983520144149450609\
25117527136634188560981519715993806959080731375558227844064929448344771904044\
99542455152362012447722945323920015084363270028976459194249211406113484752274\
39553483871787782701218811066558362577548299391921139619721479189052606484281\
5379262528773061529913587801452056996643588005`398.3053093021263*^6}

At the bottom of your note you say: "Now you understand how powerful my 
formulas are compared to the existing ones you use in Mathematica." 
While I am at a loss to understand why the computations are so slow when 
you run them, I think you are vastly overstating the case here. 
Differentiation in Mathematica by default does but little with 
discontinuous functions such as FractionalPart. But as seen above a user 
can readily add derivatives to suit ones needs, and evaluations 
involving those derivatives seem (to me) to be reasonably fast.

Daniel Lichtblau
Wolfram Research

• References:
  • Re: New Analytical Functions - Mathematica Verified
    • From: "Mohamed Al-Dabbagh" <mohamed_al_dabbagh@hotmail.com>
  • Re: New Analytical Functions - Mathematica Verified
    • From: "Mohamed Al-Dabbagh" <mohamed_al_dabbagh@hotmail.com>