Re: Why doesn't Mathematica solve this simple differential equation?
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg69334] Re: Why doesn't Mathematica solve this simple differential equation?
- From: p-valko at tamu.edu
- Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2006 04:30:41 -0400 (EDT)
- References: <eddqq8$3vq$1@smc.vnet.net><edjh7r$luh$1@smc.vnet.net> <edm1s7$cq7$1@smc.vnet.net>
If you want Mathematica to be smart, let her do the job symbolically:
In:
DSolve[eqns41, {Vc[t], Il[t]}, t] // First
Out:
{Il[t] -> Vo/(E^(t/(C1*R1 + C1*R2))*(R1 + R2)), Vc[t] -> Vo/E^(t/(C1*R1
+ C1*R2))}
In:
% /. {C1 -> 1.0*10^-6, R1 -> 16, R2 -> 27, Vo -> 4.0}
Out:
{Il[t] -> 0.093023 * E^(-23255.81*t), Vc[t] -> 4. * E^(-23255.81*t)}
Regards
P.V.
Joseph Gwinn wrote:
> In article <edjh7r$luh$1 at smc.vnet.net>,
> Joseph Gwinn <JoeGwinn at comcast.net> wrote:
>
> > In article <eddqq8$3vq$1 at smc.vnet.net>,
> > Joseph Gwinn <JoeGwinn at comcast.net> wrote:
> >
> > > Here is the system I'm trying to solve. It's an electrical circuit
> > > consisting of a capacitor C1 (with initial voltage 4.0 volts), a
> > > resistor R1, and a diode in series.
> >
> > I just read the Mathematica 5.2 NDSolve Advanced Documentation section
> > on Differential Algebraic Equations.
> >
> > It occurs to me that, aside from the typos, what may be happening is
> > that I'm handing Mathematica something that looks like a Differential
> > Algebraic Equation (DAE) of index exceeding 1, as Mathematica was able
> > to solve the system with one implicit equation (for the diode, with a
> > capacitor but no resistor).
>
> I now have a clean example of the problem:
>
> eqns41 = {Vc'[t] == -Il[t]/C1, Vc[t] == (R1 + R2)*Il[t], Vc[0] == Vo}
>
> eqns42 = eqns41 /. {C1 -> 1.0*10^-6, R1 -> 16, R2 -> 27, Vo -> 4.0}
>
> eqns42soln = NDSolve[eqns42, Vc, {t, 0, 1}]
>
> The above fails: "NDSolve::overdet: There are fewer dependent variables,
> {Vc[t]}, than equations, so the system is underdetermined."
>
> eqns41a = Eliminate[eqns41, Il[t]]
>
> eqns42a = eqns41a /. {C1 -> 1.0*10^-6, R1 -> 16, R2 -> 27, Vo -> 4.0}
>
> eqns42asoln = NDSolve[eqns42a, Vc, {t, 0, 1}]
>
> The above works.
>
> Eliminate[] cannot make a self-consistent system from an inconsistent
> system, so the original system must also be consistent. Yet it fails.
>
> Does Mathematica think that this system is some kind of complicated DAE?
> Apparently, given that Eliminate[] solves the problem. Why couldn't
> NDSolve do its own algabraic reduction? The variable Il[t] was not
> requested as an output.
>
> I have a few more such examples, so the issue isn't restricted to this
> example.
>
> The other issue is that *all* combinations of real electronic components
> (that is, circuits) lead to a numerically solvable system of ODEs,
> because all circuits will do something real if constructed and tested.
> So, aside from eliminating silly mistakes, this should not be hard, and
> I'm trying to figure out the root cause of these random-appearing
> failures. Mathematica is probably trying to do something that ordinary
> circuit simulators (such as SPICE) wouldn't dream of.
>
> Joe Gwinn