Re: Problem with Fourier
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg43981] Re: [mg43948] Problem with Fourier
- From: David Withoff <withoff at wolfram.com>
- Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2003 04:16:18 -0400 (EDT)
- References: <200310150859.EAA26357@smc.vnet.net>
- Sender: owner-wri-mathgroup at wolfram.com
> Hello all > > It seems to me that Mathematica 5.0 calculates somehow strange the > discrete Fourier transform of a list of data, or i do not really > understand the maths behind it. > I would expect that the discrete Fourier transform of a finite object > shows maxima in Fourier space at the integer reciprocal indices. But > this does not seem to be the case in the following very simple examples. > The first Table (data1) shows maxima in Fourier space at points 1 and > 17, the second Table (data2) at points 3 and 20 and the third Table > (data3) at points 4 and 39. How is this possible, shouldn't the maxima > in Fourier space always be located at the first and last point. > According to this, the maxima in Fourier space can be shifted by > changing the resolution in direct space. > > thanks for hints > > miroslav kob > as > > data1= Table[Sin[x], {x,0,0.5*¥ð,0.1}]; > data2=Table[Sin[x], {x,0,10,0.5}]; > data3=Table[Sin[x], {x,0,20,0.5}]; > > ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[data1]], PlotStyle -> PointSize[0.02], > AxesOrigin -> {1, 0}, PlotRange -> All]; > ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[data2]], PlotStyle -> PointSize[0.02], > AxesOrigin -> {1, 0}, PlotRange -> All]; > ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[data3]], PlotStyle -> PointSize[0.02], > AxesOrigin -> {1, 0}, PlotRange -> All]; You may be able to see the essential effects more easily by looking at examples where the period of the signal is commensurate with the length of the sample. The position of the peaks is determined by the number of periods in the sample. For example: s1 = Table[Sin[2 Pi x], {x, 0.1, 10, 0.5}]; ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[s1]], PlotRange -> {{0, 30}, All}, PlotJoined -> True] with 10 periods in the sample shows a peak at position 11 (the non-constant terms start at position 2) and s2 = Table[Sin[2 Pi x], {x, 0.1, 20, 0.5}]; ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[s2]], PlotRange -> {{0, 30}, All}, PlotJoined -> True] with 20 periods in the sample shows a peak at position 21. Changing the resolution does not change the position of this peak. For example, s1 = Table[Sin[2 Pi x], {x, 0.1, 10, 0.5}]; ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[s1]], PlotRange -> {{0, 30}, All}, PlotJoined -> True] and s3 = Table[Sin[2 Pi x], {x, 0.1, 10, 0.1}]; ListPlot[Abs[Fourier[s3]], PlotRange -> {{0, 30}, All}, PlotJoined -> True] both show a peak at position 11, because both correspond to 10 periods in the range of the sample, even though the sample rates differ by a factor of 5. The discrete Fourier transform is a fairly simple operation, and is essentially the same in Mathematica as it is everywhere else. The only possible differences are in the choices of arbitrary constants, but those differences do not affect the positions of peaks. Dave Withoff Wolfram Research
- References:
- Problem with Fourier
- From: Miroslav Kobas <miroslav.kobas@mat.ethz.ch>
- Problem with Fourier