Integrate
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg74297] Integrate
- From: "dimitris" <dimmechan at yahoo.com>
- Date: Sat, 17 Mar 2007 02:09:19 -0500 (EST)
Hello again!
(I have sent this message more than once so I apologize for multiple
appearance!)
Continue with our discoussion about Integrate...
Of course sometimes things work quite unexpectedly!
Consider again the integral (no! I am not obsessed with it!)
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0, Pi}]
Integrate::idiv: Integral of Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x] does not converge on
{x,0,Pi}.
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0, Pi}]
As we saw
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x],{x,0,Pi/2,Pi}]
0
Note now that the following are evaluated well
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x],{x,0,2Pi}]
0
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x],{x,0,11Pi}]
0
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0, 4Pi/3}]
(1/6)*(-Pi^2 - 3*(3*Log[2]^2 - 4*Log[2]*Log[3] + Log[3]^2 +
2*(PolyLog[2, -(1/2)] + PolyLog[2, -(1/3)])))
However
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0, 2Pi/3}]
Integrate::idiv: Integral of Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x] does not converge on
\
{x,0,(2*Pi)/3}.
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0, (2*Pi)/3}]
whereas of course
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x],{x,0,Pi/2,2Pi/3}]//FullSimplify
Chop@N@%
(4*Pi^2)/9 - Log[2]*Log[4] + Log[3]*Log[(2*(-1 + Sqrt[3]))/3^(1/4)] -
PolyLog[2, -(1/3)] +
2*(PolyLog[2, -(1/Sqrt[3])] + PolyLog[2, 1 - Sqrt[3]] - PolyLog[2, -
((1 + I)/(-I + Sqrt[3]))] -
PolyLog[2, (1 - I)/(-I + Sqrt[3])] - PolyLog[2, -((1 - I)/(I +
Sqrt[3]))] - PolyLog[2, (1 + I)/(I + Sqrt[3])])
-0.688640713882748
So integrating between 0 and a point left than or including Pi needs
to specify the point Pi/2 while
integrating between 0 and a point right than Pi needs no specifying!
You want more fun? Try this
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, Pi/3, 2*Pi}]
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, Pi/3, Pi}]
Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, Pi/3, Pi/2,Pi}]//FullSimplify
As I mentioned the integral Integrate[Log[Sin[x]^2]*Tan[x], {x, 0,Pi}]
is platform dependent. Somewhere the Integrate algorithm in the
Windows version of Mathematica 5.2 fails. I describe the role of Pi
above but I can't find any explanation!
If it will return a complex value I showed in the previous post that
it could have been an improper application of Newton-Leibniz formula
but now it returns Infinity.
Anyway...
The explanation is for more specialized persons than me or for
Mathematica developers.
But what I have found is how to overcome the problem.
As I have said, use Integrate with your mind and you can achieve
results close enough to tell them outstanding!
=CF/=C7 Michael Weyrauch =DD=E3=F1=E1=F8=E5:
> Hello,
>
> Dimitris, this is a marvelous solution to my problem. I really
appreciate
> your help. I will now see if I can solve all my other (similar)
integrals using the same trick.
> Timing is not really the big issue if I get results in a
reasonable
amount of time.
>
> Also the references you cited are quite interesting, because they
give some insight
> what might go on inside Mathematica concerning integration.
>
> I also agree with you that it is my task as a programmer to "help"
Mathematica
> and guide it into the direction I want it to go. Sometimes this is
an
"art"...
>
> Nevertheless, in the present situation I do not really understand
why
Mathematica wants
> me to do that rather trivial variable transformation, which is at
the
heart of your solution.
> The integrand is still a rather complicated rational function of
the
same order. The form
> of the integrand did not really change
> substantially as it is the case with some other ingenious
substitutions one uses in order to
> do some complicated looking integrals "by hand".
>
> I think the fact that we are forced to such tricks shows that the
Mathematica integrator
> is still a bit "immature" in special cases, as also the very
interesting article by D. Lichtblau,
> which you cite, seems to indicate. So all this is probably
perfectly
known to the
> Mathematica devellopers. And I hope the next Mathematica version
has
all this "ironed out"??
>
> Many thanks again, Michael