RE: Re: Bug in multiple integrals with delta function
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg90162] RE: [mg90130] Re: Bug in multiple integrals with delta function
- From: "Tony Harker" <a.harker at ucl.ac.uk>
- Date: Tue, 1 Jul 2008 06:58:50 -0400 (EDT)
For what it's worth, using Boole gives the correct answer:
g5 = 5!*Integrate[
Boole[x5 >= x4 && x4 >= x3 && x3 >= x2 && x2 >= x1]
DiracDelta[t - x5 + x1], {x1, 0, 1}, {x2, 0, 1}, {x3, 0, 1}, {x4,
0, 1}, {x5, 0, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}]
Tony Harker
]-> -----Original Message-----
]-> From: Dr. Wolfgang Hintze [mailto:weh at snafu.de]
]-> Sent: 30 June 2008 09:53
]-> To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
]-> Subject: [mg90130] Re: Bug in multiple integrals with delta function
]->
]-> Hello group,
]->
]-> I'd like to repeat my question. Could someone please comment.
]-> I'm pretty sure that this is a bug, and what's more:
]-> it's fiendish because it starts to appear only from a
]-> certain value of a "counter" n.
]->
]-> Thanks for your participation.
]->
]-> Regards,
]-> Wolfgang
]->
]-> "Dr. Wolfgang Hintze" <weh at snafu.de> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
]-> news:g3d9me$pse$1 at smc.vnet.net...
]-> > Consider the following problem: let x1, x2, ..., xn be
]-> independent
]-> > random variables uniformly distributed between 0 and 1,
]-> and let X =
]-> > Max(x1, ..., xn) and Y = Min(x1,...,xn).
]-> > The problem consists in calculating the distribution
]-> function g[n,t]
]-> > of the variable Z = X-Y.
]-> >
]-> > In trying to solve this problem in Mathematica starting
]-> with small n
]-> > and guessing the general formula I found for n>=5 some
]-> strange and
]-> > buggy behaviour of a multiple integral containing the function
]-> > DiracDelta.
]-> >
]-> > I took the following approach
]-> >
]-> > n=2
]-> > g2 = Integrate[DiracDelta[t - Max[x1, x2] + Min[x1, x2]],
]-> {x1, 0, 1},
]-> > {x2, 0, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}] Mathematica
]-> wouldn't do the
]-> > integral. Hence I tried to help it by splitting the range of
]-> > integration thus
]-> >
]-> > Integrate[DiracDelta[t - Max[x1, x2] + Min[x1, x2]], {x1,
]-> 0, 1}, {x2,
]-> > x1, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}] 1-t
]-> >
]-> > and
]-> >
]-> > Integrate[DiracDelta[t - Max[x1, x2] + Min[x1, x2]], {x1,
]-> 0, 1}, {x2,
]-> > 0, x1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}]
]-> > 1 - t
]-> >
]-> > which leads to
]-> >
]-> > g2 = 2(1-t)
]-> >
]-> > n=3
]-> > Splitting the range of integration corresponding to
]-> x1<x2<x3 we note
]-> > that this would give us 1/3! of the whole range.
]-> Observing furthermore
]-> > that now Max = x3 and Min = x1 we have
]-> >
]-> > g3 = 3!*Integrate[DiracDelta[t - x3 + x1], {x1, 0, 1},
]-> {x2, x1, 1},
]-> > {x3, x2, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}]
]-> > -6*(-1 + t)*t
]-> >
]-> > n=4, similarly
]-> > g4 = 4!*Integrate[DiracDelta[t - x4 + x1], {x1, 0, 1},
]-> {x2, x1, 1},
]-> > {x3, x2, 1}, {x4, x3, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}]
]-> > -12*(-1 + t)*t^2
]-> >
]-> > We would hence guess the general formula to be
]-> >
]-> > (*) gk = k(k-1) (1-t) t^(k-2)
]-> >
]-> > But let's continue one step further:
]-> >
]-> > n=5, similarly
]-> > g5 = 5!*Integrate[DiracDelta[t - x5 + x1], {x1, 0, 1},
]-> {x2, x1, 1},
]-> > {x3, x2, 1}, {x4, x3, 1}, {x5, x4, 1}, Assumptions -> {0 < t < 1}]
]-> > 10*t^2*(6 - 4*t + t^2)
]-> >
]-> > I don't need to bother you further. Since here is the
]-> bug! According
]-> > to
]-> > (*) the result should be
]-> > g5ok = 20 (1-t) t^3
]-> > The correct result can also be confirmed by a somewhat different
]-> > method in Mathematica, viz.
]-> >
]-> > Integrate[Exp[I*w*(Max[x1, x2, x3, x4, x5] - Min[x1, x2, x3, x4,
]-> > x5])], {x1, 0, 1}, {x2, 0, 1}, {x3, 0, 1}, {x4, 0, 1},
]-> {x5, 0, 1}];
]-> > Simplify[(1/Sqrt[2*Pi])*InverseFourierTransform[%, w, t],
]-> 0 < t < 1]
]-> > -20*(-1 + t)*t^3
]-> >
]-> > Hence my question: why does the multiple integral works
]-> fine for n=2,
]-> > 3, and 4, but fails for n=5?
]-> >
]-> > Any hint is greatly acknowledged.
]-> >
]-> > Regards,
]-> > Wolfgang
]-> >
]-> >
]->
]->
]->