Re: Inequalities or histogram or something.......
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg89346] Re: [mg89338] Inequalities or histogram or something.......
- From: Andrzej Kozlowski <akoz at mimuw.edu.pl>
- Date: Sat, 7 Jun 2008 02:51:25 -0400 (EDT)
- References: <200806061047.GAA24209@smc.vnet.net>
I don't have a general formula, and having given it only a little
thought, am not convinced an explicit formula can be found in the
general case. But I may be wrong. But here are some observations.
First, note that in your post you make the assumption that 1<=k but
then you give an example with k==0. Presumably you mean k>=0?
Also, your assumption k<v follows from 1<= x1 < x2 < x3 <= v and k =
x1 + x3 - x2 - 2, since clearly
k==x3 -(x2-x1)-2 must be less than x3 which is less than v. But this
is not important.
It also easy to see that your equation can only have solutions if v>k
+2, which of course is needed for your relation d(v,k) + d(v,v-k-3) =
2(k+1)(v-k-2) to make sense. The case v=3 then k must be 0 so we can
assume that v>=4.
Next, it is easy to prove that
d[v,0]== v -2
The proof goes as follows. For k= 0 your equation becomes
x1 + x3 - x2 - 2==0
which can be re-written as
x1 = 2 -(x3-x2)
Now, since x3-x2>0 and x1>=1, this only leaves the possibility that x1
= 1. So the equation becomes x3-x2=1. So d[v,0] is the number of ways
of choosing two successive integers between 1 and v. You can choose
any integer z such that 2<=z<=v-1 as the smaller one, and v+1 as the
larger one. There are v-2 such choices.
So now that we know that d[v,0]=v-2 and can write a reasonably fast
program to find other values of d[v,k].
d[v_, 0] := v - 2
d[v_, k_] /; (v - 3)/2 < k < v - 2 := d[v, k] = 2 (k + 1) (v - k - 2)
- d[v, v - k - 3]
d[v_, k_] /; 0 < k <= (v - 3)/2 := d[v, k] = Length[Union[ Reduce[1 <=
x1 < x2 < x3 <= v && k == x1 + x3 - x2 - 2, {x1, x2, x3}, Integers]]]
This seems quite fast; for example
d[10000, 2305] // Timing
{0.283073, 4}
d[10000, 7692] // Timing
{0.000065, 35480112}
So one could try to first explore this empirically, guess the formula
and then it should not be hard to prove it inductively. But this is as
much time as I can devote to this problem.
Andrzej Kozlowski
On 6 Jun 2008, at 19:47, Steve Gray wrote:
> Can Mathematica help with this? Or can someone?
>
> I have positive integers x1,x2,x3,k,v.
>
> There are assumptions:
> 1 <= k < v and
> 1 <= x1 < x2 < x3 <= v.
>
> There is one equation:
> k = x1 + x3 - x2 - 2.
>
> I need a symbolic solution for the number of combinations of x1,x2,x3
> that satisfy the equation under the assumptions.
>
> This will be a histogram of k vs. the number of solutions.
> One numeric point on the histo: if v=8 and k=0, there are 6 solutions,
> x1,x2,x3 = 1,2,3; 1,3,4; 1,4,5; 1,5,6; 1,6,7; 1,7,8; none with x1 > 1.
>
> I need a general symbolic solution in terms of D(v,k). I need a way to
> show its derivation for a paper. I happen to know that
> D(v,k) + D(v,v-k-3) = 2(k+1)(v-k-2).
>
> This is not overwhelmingly complicated but I don't know a decent way
> to go about it. Thank you for any help, using Mathematica or not. (I
> have
> version 6.)
>
> Steve Gray
>
- References:
- Inequalities or histogram or something.......
- From: Steve Gray <stevebg@roadrunner.com>
- Inequalities or histogram or something.......