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Re: Compilation: Avoiding inlining

• To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
• Subject: [mg121621] Re: Compilation: Avoiding inlining
• From: DmitryG <einschlag at gmail.com>
• Date: Thu, 22 Sep 2011 07:27:22 -0400 (EDT)
• Delivered-to: l-mathgroup@mail-archive0.wolfram.com
• References: <201109160946.FAA12301@smc.vnet.net> <j4vana$dal$1@smc.vnet.net>

On Sep 21, 5:41 am, DmitryG <einsch... at gmail.com> wrote:
> On Sep 20, 6:08 am, David Bailey <d... at removedbailey.co.uk> wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> > On 16/09/2011 12:08, Oliver Ruebenkoenig wrote:
>
> > > On Fri, 16 Sep 2011, DmitryG wrote:
>
> > >> Here is a program with (* Definition of the equations *) made one-
> > >> step, that performs the same as in my previous post....................
>
> > I tried pasting your example into Mathematica, but unfortunately there
> > seems to be a variable 'x' which is undefined - presumably some input
> > data. It might be worth posting a complete example, so that people can
> > explore how to get decent performance.
>
> > Error:
>
> > Part::partd: "Part specification x[[1]] is longer than depth of object. "
>
> > David Baileyhttp://www.dbaileyconsultancy.co.uk
>
> Hi David,
>
> The RK4 procedure here works with the solution vector x whose initial
> value is defined after the RK4 procedure and the equations are
> defined. Mathematica does not know the lenght of x at the beginning
> and this is why it complains. You can ignore these complaints. Of the
> several codes posted above, that in Oliver's 19 September post is the
> best because it is fully compiled. Here is this code with plotting the
> solution:
>
> ***************************************
> (* Runge-Kutta-4 routine *)
> ClearAll[makeCompRK]
> makeCompRK[f_] :=
>  Compile[{{x0, _Real, 1}, {t0, _Real}, {tMax, _Real}, {n, _Integer}},
>   Module[{h, K1, K2, K3, K4, SolList, x = x0, t}, h = (tMax - t0)/n;
>    SolList = Table[x0, {n + 1}];
>    Do[t = t0 + k h;
>     K1 = h f[t, x];
>     K2 = h f[t + (1/2) h, x + (1/2) K1];
>     K3 = h f[t + (1/2) h, x + (1/2) K2];
>     K4 = h f[t + h, x + K3];
>     x = x + (1/6) K1 + (1/3) K2 + (1/3) K3 + (1/6) K4;
>     SolList[[k + 1]] = x, {k, 1, n}];
>    SolList](*,Parallelization->True*), CompilationTarget -> "C",
>   CompilationOptions -> {"InlineCompiledFunctions" -> True}]
>
> (* Defining equations *)
> NN = 1000;
> cRHS = With[{NN = NN}, Compile[{{t, _Real, 0}, {x, _Real, 1}},
>     Table[-x[[i]]*
>       Sin[0.1 t]^2/(1 +
>          100 Sum[x[[i + j]], {j, 1, Min[4, NN - i]}]^2), {i, 1, NN}]
> (*,
>     CompilationTarget->"C"*)(*,
>     CompilationOptions->{"InlineExternalDefinitions"->True}*)]];
>
> (*Compilation*)
> tt0 = AbsoluteTime[];
> Timing[RK4Comp = makeCompRK[cRHS];]
> AbsoluteTime[] - tt0
> (*CompilePrint[RK4Comp2]*)
>
> (*Setting parameters and Calculation*)
> x0 = Table[
>   RandomReal[{0, 1}], {i, 1, NN}]; t0 = 0; tMax = 300; n = 500;
> tt0 = AbsoluteTime[];
> Sol = RK4Comp[x0, t0, tMax, n];
> AbsoluteTime[] - tt0
>
> Print["Compilation: ", Developer`PackedArrayQ@Sol]
>
> (* Plotting *)
> tList = Table[1. t0 + (tMax - t0) k/n, {k, 0, n}];
> x1List = Transpose[{tList, Transpose[Sol][[1]]}];
> x2List = Transpose[{tList, Transpose[Sol][[2]]}];
> x3List = Transpose[{tList, Transpose[Sol][[3]]}];
> ListLinePlot[{x1List, x2List, x3List}, PlotMarkers -> Automatic,
>  PlotStyle -> {Blue, Green, Red}, PlotRange -> {0, 1}]
>
> Best,
>
> Dmitry

The execution time of the program above on my laptop today is 1.0 for
compilation RK4 in Mathematica and  0.24 for compilation RK4 in C. For
other compiled functions, it does not matter if the compilation target
is C or Mathematica (why?).

In my actual research program, I have a lot of external definitions
and all of them have to be compiled. To model this situation, I have
rewritten the same program with external definitions as follows:

............

(* Defining equations *)
NN = 1000;
ff = Compile[{{t}}, Sin[0.1 t]^2];
su = With[{NN = NN}, Compile[{{i, _Integer}, {x, _Real, 1}}, Sum[x[[i
+ j]], {j, 1, Min[4, NN - i]}]]];
cRHS = With[{NN = NN}, Compile[{{t}, {x, _Real, 1}},Table[-
x[[i]]*ff[t]/(1 + 100 su[i, x]^2), {i, 1, NN}, CompilationOptions ->
{"InlineExternalDefinitions" -> True, "InlineCompiledFunctions" ->
True}]];
...................................................

Now the execution time is 2.2 for compilation in Mathematica and 1.42
for compilation in C. We see there is a considerable slowdown because
of the external definition (actually because of su). I wonder why does
it happen? The external definitions are compiled and inlined in the
compiled code of RK4Comp, thus, to my understanding the execution time
should be the same. What is wrong here?

Dmitry

• Follow-Ups:
  • Re: Compilation: Avoiding inlining
    • From: Oliver Ruebenkoenig <ruebenko@wolfram.com>

• References:
  • Re: Compilation: Avoiding inlining
    • From: DmitryG <einschlag@gmail.com>