Re: bug ?
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg122379] Re: bug ?
- From: DrMajorBob <btreat1 at austin.rr.com>
- Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2011 06:28:45 -0400 (EDT)
- Delivered-to: l-mathgroup@mail-archive0.wolfram.com
- References: <j862b6$5ls$1@smc.vnet.net> <201110262140.RAA00119@smc.vnet.net>
- Reply-to: drmajorbob at yahoo.com
"I guess that a fan of Mathematica could argue that it must be a feature because this behavior is well known to WRI and has not been changed, and WRI would change it if it were a bug, so it must be a feature." Sad, but true! Bobby On Wed, 26 Oct 2011 16:40:25 -0500, Richard Fateman <fateman at cs.berkeley.edu> wrote: > On 10/25/2011 3:17 AM, swiss wrote: >> Following rational function has a double pole matched by a double root >> at (4+\sqrt{17})/4. > >> The first result is correct, the other ones are false, but come without >> warning. > > >> Can somebody explain this to me? > > As you know, you are dividing by zero. That's why you take a limit. > If you are not doing arithmetic NOT with the exact values you think you > have, but some other numbers more or less nearby, you get different > results. > > > Consider a slight variation on your input 54.. > > -(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - > 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2) /. > s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17.0000000000000000]) > > which returns Indeterminate. > > Although > > -(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - > 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2) /. > s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17.000000000000000]) > > (one fewer "0") in there, returns without comment, 0.09375. > > Is this a bug? I am sure that some people will call it a feature. > It is a result of compromises made in numerics. > > > Your example on line 52 is more interesting. > > Let q = > -(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/ > 8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - > 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2) /. > s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17]) > > Then > > Simplify[q] returns, as you show, 1/16* (1+2*Sqrt[17]) > FullSimplify[q] returns the same > N[q] returns 0. > N[q,1] returns Indeterminate (with warning) > Expand[q] returns 0 > > Map[N,Distribute[q]] returns -1.49737* 10^14 [A HUGE number!] > > Oh, for fun, take that q value and do this: > > qq= (q/. 17 -> r) > > That is, replace all the instances of 17 with r. > > Limit[qq, r->17] is 1/16*(1+2*Sqrt[17]) > > which is of course not the same as output 50, but is the result of > Simplify. > > Some of the results about can be explained by a feature/bug that is > likely to be in Mathematica. That is essentially a rule that says if > one is computing a product like A * B, and one is able to simplify A > to zero, there is no need to look at B. The product is zero. Probably > other programs like Mathematica do the same thing, by the way. > > In this case B = 1/0, but B wasn't examined. So that is an > explanation. It is a result of a heuristic in the Simplify program. > > Is it a bug or a feature? Well, it wouldn't be the first time that > something in Mathematica is simultaneously declared to be a feature and > produces um, mathematically questionable results. I guess that a fan of > Mathematica could argue that it must be a feature because this behavior > is well known to WRI and has not been changed, and WRI would change it > if it were a bug, so it must be a feature. :) > > > > > >> In[50]:= Limit[-(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/ >> 8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - >> 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2), >> s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17])] >> >> Out[50]= 1/544 (331 - 19 Sqrt[17]) >> >> In[51]:= 1/544 (331 - 19 Sqrt[17]) // N >> >> Out[51]= 0.46445 >> >> In[52]:= -(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/ >> 8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - >> 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2) /. >> s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17]) // Simplify >> >> Out[52]= 1/16 (1 + 2 Sqrt[17]) >> >> In[53]:= 1/16 (1 + 2 Sqrt[17]) // N >> >> Out[53]= 0.577888 >> >> In[54]:= -(((s (4 s - 5)^2 - (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/ >> 8 (4 s + 1)) ((4 s - 5)^2 - >> 4 (5 + 3 Sqrt[17])/8 (4 s - 7)))/(16 s^2 - 32 s - 1)^2) /. >> s -> 1/4 (4 + Sqrt[17.]) >> >> Out[54]= 0.09375 >> > > -- DrMajorBob at yahoo.com
- References:
- Re: bug ?
- From: Richard Fateman <fateman@cs.berkeley.edu>
- Re: bug ?