Complex path integral wrong
- To: mathgroup at smc.vnet.net
- Subject: [mg131348] Complex path integral wrong
- From: "Dr. Wolfgang Hintze" <weh at snafu.de>
- Date: Sun, 30 Jun 2013 03:29:02 -0400 (EDT)
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- Delivered-to: l-mathgroup@wolfram.com
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I suspect this is a bug In[361]:= $Version Out[361]= "8.0 for Microsoft Windows (64-bit) (October 7, 2011)" The follwing path integral comes out wrong: R = 3 \[Pi] ; Integrate[Exp[I s]/( Exp[s] - 1 ), {s, 1 + I, 1 + I R, -1 + I R, -1 + I, 1 + I}] // FullSimplify Out[351]= 0 It should have the value In[356]:= (2 \[Pi] I) Residue[Exp[I s]/(Exp[s] - 1 ), {s, 2 \[Pi] I}] Out[356]= (2 \[Pi] I) E^(-2 \[Pi]) Without applying FullSimplify the result of the integration is In[357]:= R = 3*Pi; Integrate[ Exp[I*s]/(Exp[s] - 1), {s, 1 + I, 1 + I*R, -1 + I*R, -1 + I, 1 + I}] Out[358]= I*E^((-1 - I) - 3*Pi)*((-E)*Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, -(1/E)] + E^(3*Pi)*Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, E^(-1 + I)]) + I*E^(-I - 3*Pi)*(Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, -(1/E)] - E^(2*I)*Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, -E]) + I*E^I*(Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, -E]/E^(3*Pi) - Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, E^(1 + I)]/E) + I*E^(-1 - I)*(-Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, E^(-1 + I)] + E^(2*I)*Hypergeometric2F1[I, 1, 1 + I, E^(1 + I)]) which, numerically, is In[359]:= N[%] Out[359]= -2.7755575615628914*^-17 + 2.7755575615628914*^-17*I i.e. zero. On simpler functions like 1, s and s^2 (instead of Exp[I s]) it works out fine, but not so with e.g. Sin[s] in which case we get 0 again (instead of Sinh[2 \[Pi]]). The integration topic seems to be full of pitfalls in Mathematica... Best regards, Wolfgang